ROAD FREIGHT — VEHICLES UP TO 3.5 T

Conditions of carriage

Approved revision dated 1 October 2026.
Original conditions effective from: 1 January 2024. This revision is valid and effective from 1 October 2026.

English translation of the approved Slovak conditions of carriage.

Yildirim Transport, s.r.o.
Karpatské námestie 7770/10A, 831 06 Bratislava – mestská časť Rača, Slovakia
Company ID: 55677584 · Tax ID: 2122139976 · VAT ID: SK2122139976
Commercial Register of Bratislava III Municipal Court, Section Sro, entry 174874/B

Bookings, operational enquiries and claims: Murat Yildirim, +421 917 879 634, murat@yildirimtransport.com.

1. Scope and legal framework

The carrier provides domestic and international road freight transport using vehicles with a maximum permissible gross weight of up to 3.5 tonnes. This is not the payload capacity: the shipment weight and dimensions must be suitable for the particular vehicle. The carrier specialises in transport to and from Turkey. Other routes in Europe and Asia are agreed individually, subject to availability, required permits, customs requirements and applicable restrictions.

These conditions cover general cargo, dangerous goods under ADR and temperature-controlled goods, always within the scope of an expressly confirmed booking. The carrier does not transport live animals.

Slovak Act No. 56/2012 Coll. on Road Transport and other applicable legislation apply. The CMR Convention applies to the carriage of goods by road for reward between a place of taking over and a place of delivery in two different countries, at least one of which is a contracting country, subject to the exceptions in Article 1 CMR. A vehicle weight of up to 3.5 tonnes does not itself exclude the application of CMR. Domestic commercial transport is governed in particular by Sections 610–629 of the Slovak Commercial Code. Mandatory rules and any statutory consumer protection prevail over conflicting agreements.

2. Booking and conclusion of the contract

The customer must identify the sender, consignee and payer, collection and delivery addresses and contacts, dates, type of goods, number of packages, packaging, gross weight and dimensions. The customer must disclose any special characteristics, required equipment, customs procedure, temperature requirements and ADR hazards.

A telephone enquiry is used for initial arrangements. The carrier confirms the agreed scope, route, dates, price and conditions by email. Before the contract is concluded, the carrier provides the customer with the applicable conditions of carriage, for example as an email attachment. A contract is concluded by acceptance of a sufficiently definite offer by the other party; sending an enquiry or the carrier's silence does not constitute acceptance. This does not affect the rules on contract formation under CMR or the legal effects of the parties' conduct.

Changes to the route, consignee, goods or timing must be communicated promptly and agreed, with due regard to rights of disposal under the applicable legal regime. Cancellation and any proven costs are addressed individually; these conditions do not impose a flat cancellation fee.

Individually agreed terms prevail over these conditions only insofar as departure from legislation or CMR is permitted. The contract is binding from its conclusion. Termination, withdrawal and non-performance are governed by the agreement and applicable law. Section 611 of the Commercial Code also applies to domestic commercial transport.

3. Price and payment

Freight charges, currency, payment deadline, payment method and included services are agreed in the booking. The quotation states whether the price includes VAT, and the appropriate tax treatment applies. Waiting time, extra stops, customs services and other costs are charged only as agreed or where permitted by law. Separate cargo insurance is not automatically included in the price.

Before entering into a contract, consumers receive the total price including taxes and known charges or, where appropriate, the method of calculation and information on additional costs. Additional payments require their express consent. Providing a customer identification number does not in itself remove statutory protection where the relationship is a consumer relationship.

Where Section 628 of the Slovak Commercial Code applies, the carrier has a right of retention over the goods to secure claims arising from the contract of carriage for as long as it may dispose of the goods. This right is exercised only subject to statutory conditions and mandatory CMR rules where applicable.

4. Vehicle arrival, loading and unloading

The carrier provides a roadworthy vehicle suitable for the confirmed shipment at the agreed place and time. The sender and consignee ensure safe access, readiness of the goods, an authorised contact person and information on local restrictions. Responsibility for loading, unloading, handling equipment and securing the load is agreed before the vehicle arrives.

Loading must not exceed permitted weights, dimensions or axle loads. Goods must be appropriately packed, marked and prepared for the agreed transport method. The carrier checks, to a reasonable extent, the apparent condition, number of packages and document details, recording reservations and any inability to check. Allocation of tasks by contract does not release any participant from statutory safety duties.

Schedules are planned in compliance with applicable rules on driving time, breaks and driver rest. The carrier refuses unsafe handling or unlawful overloading and arranges corrective action. This does not automatically release the carrier from statutory liability.

5. Taking over and delivery

Taking over and delivery are confirmed in a transport document, including a CMR consignment note for relevant international transport. The absence or irregularity of a consignment note does not itself invalidate a contract subject to CMR. The sender supplies complete and correct accompanying documents. The consignee checks the goods, acknowledges receipt and records any reservations.

The carrier informs the relevant parties of material obstacles, delay or damage and requests necessary instructions. If delivery is refused, the consignee is absent, customs clearance is obstructed or carriage cannot continue, the carrier follows applicable rules, including Articles 14–16 CMR where applicable, and takes reasonable care of the goods. Exceeding a deadline is not treated as automatically exempting the carrier from liability.

The carrier may use another authorised carrier. This does not remove its liability: Article 3 CMR, the successive-carrier rules in Articles 34–40 CMR where applicable, or Section 621 of the Commercial Code apply. Cash-on-delivery collection, storage, pallet exchange and customs representation are provided only by separate agreement.

6. Dangerous goods — ADR

An ADR shipment is accepted only after checking its specific classification, quantity, packaging, route, transport regime, vehicle equipment and required personnel qualifications. A general offer of ADR transport does not mean that every class or quantity of dangerous goods is accepted.

The sender must provide correct ADR information in good time, including the UN number, proper shipping name, class and other applicable classification data, packing group where applicable, quantity, packaging and restrictions. The sender ensures the required packing, marking and documentation within its responsibilities. The carrier fulfils its own duties, including required equipment, documents and instructions in writing.

Exemptions, limited quantities and mixed-loading rules are assessed for each shipment. A vehicle weight of up to 3.5 tonnes does not in itself exempt carriage from ADR. Undeclared, prohibited or non-compliant dangerous goods will not be accepted; any further action is governed by ADR, legislation and Article 22 CMR as applicable. In an emergency, protection of life, health and the environment and the directions of competent authorities take priority.

The edition of ADR applicable to the particular carriage, including transitional provisions, applies. The carrier ensures required training, certificates and a safety adviser within the scope of its legal duties. Any exemption is assessed before acceptance; an exemption from one requirement does not remove all other requirements.

7. Refrigerated goods and temperature control

Before booking, the customer states the type of goods, required transport temperature and tolerance, initial temperature, hygiene requirements, need for temperature records and maximum transport time. The carrier confirms transport only with a suitable available vehicle and equipment. Where an ATP certificate or other authorisation is required, that requirement must be met.

The sender prepares the goods at the agreed initial temperature and packs them appropriately. Unless separately agreed, refrigeration equipment is not used to cool goods that were initially warm. Agreed inspection readings and deviations are recorded at collection and delivery. Load distribution must allow appropriate air circulation. In the event of equipment failure or temperature deviation, the carrier promptly informs the contact person and takes reasonable steps to limit damage.

Food transport complies with applicable hygiene rules, including cleanliness and maintenance of the load space, protection against contamination, necessary separation of loads and maintenance of the cold chain. Temperatures and monitoring must also meet mandatory requirements for the particular goods. Under CMR, reliance on the inherent nature of refrigerated goods is subject to Article 18(4). Failure of refrigeration equipment does not in itself release the carrier from liability.

8. International routes and customs documents

For transport to Turkey and other non-EU countries, the customer provides correct invoices, packing lists, goods information, necessary permits and customs instructions in good time. Responsibility for customs procedures, representation, duties and taxes is expressly agreed and is not automatically included. The carrier checks route feasibility and its own transport authorisations. Transport will not be performed in breach of sanctions, import or export prohibitions or safety restrictions.

9. Liability and compensation

The carrier is liable for goods from taking over until delivery under the applicable legal regime. Grounds for exemption, burden of proof, calculation and any limits of compensation are determined by legislation or CMR. These conditions do not exclude or arbitrarily restrict statutory liability.

For domestic carriage governed by the Slovak Commercial Code, Section 622 makes the carrier liable for damage occurring between taking over the goods and delivery to the consignee, except damage that could not have been prevented even with professional care. The carrier is also exempt if it proves that the damage was caused by the sender, consignee or owner, by a defect or inherent nature of the contents including normal wastage, or by defective packaging subject to Section 622(2)(c). For an identifiable packaging defect, the carrier must warn the sender on taking over the goods and record the defect in any issued consignment note or bill of lading; without such warning, it may rely on defective packaging only if the defect was not detectable when the goods were taken over. Even where exempt by law, the carrier must exercise professional care to minimise damage. Contractual restrictions of liability under Section 622(1)–(3) are invalid.

Under Section 624, compensation for loss or destruction is based on the value of the goods when handed to the carrier. For damage or deterioration, compensation is the difference between their value when taken over and the value they would have had at that same time in their damaged or deteriorated condition. The CMR limit of 8.33 SDR/kg does not automatically apply to this domestic regime.

Where CMR applies, Articles 17–29 apply in particular. The basic compensation limit for loss is 8.33 SDR per kilogram of gross weight short, subject to CMR rules and exceptions, including declared value, special interest in delivery and Article 29. Compensation for proven delay is generally limited to the carriage charges under Article 23(5). These limits do not automatically apply to domestic transport. Carrier liability insurance is not represented as insurance of the full value of the goods.

For loss, Article 23 CMR also provides for reimbursement of carriage charges, customs duties and other carriage-related charges to the relevant extent, in addition to compensation for the value of the goods. Damage is assessed under Article 25. SDR means the International Monetary Fund's Special Drawing Right, not the euro; conversion is governed by CMR. Declared value and special interest require the procedures in Articles 24 and 26, not merely a value stated on an invoice.

The carrier holds liability insurance for damage to goods carried in domestic and international transport. The scope of insurance cover is governed by the insurance policy. A policy exclusion, deductible or refusal of payment by an insurer does not in itself reduce the injured party's claim against the carrier. Rights to a remedy, price reduction or refund of carriage charges remain available to the extent provided by applicable law and the contract.

10. Claims and reservations

Claims may be submitted to murat@yildirimtransport.com or in writing to the carrier's registered office. Include the booking reference, date and route, description of the event, remedy sought and contact details, together with available transport documents, photographs and evidence of value and damage. The carrier registers the claim, requests any necessary additional information and handles it without undue delay within applicable statutory time limits.

Under CMR, apparent loss or damage must be the subject of reservations no later than delivery. For non-apparent loss or damage, written reservations must be made within seven days of delivery, excluding Sundays and public holidays. Compensation for delay requires a written reservation within 21 days of the goods being placed at the consignee's disposal. The day of the relevant event is excluded. Article 30 CMR governs the effects of reservations and their absence; these conditions do not treat the absence of a reservation for damage as automatically extinguishing every claim.

CMR claims are generally time-barred after one year, or three years in cases of wilful misconduct or equivalent default under the law of the court hearing the case. The starting date depends on the type of claim under Article 32. A written claim suspends the limitation period until written rejection and return of the attached documents; a further claim on the same subject does not have this effect. The seven-day and 21-day reservation periods must not be confused with limitation periods.

Damage to goods and delayed delivery in domestic commercial transport are governed by Section 399 of the Commercial Code, generally providing a one-year limitation period and a special rule for deliberately caused damage. Other claims and consumer relationships follow their own legal regimes; CMR time limits do not automatically apply to them.

Where a consumer reports a defective service, the carrier promptly provides written acknowledgement and states a period for remedying the defect not exceeding 30 days from notification under Section 4 of Act No. 108/2024 Coll. A refusal of liability is explained in writing. This does not alter the special CMR compensation rules or create a new 30-day deadline for submitting claims.

A consumer may request redress from the carrier. If the request is rejected or no response is received within 30 days of sending it, the consumer may apply to a competent alternative dispute resolution body, such as the Slovak Trade Inspection, subject to Act No. 391/2015 Coll. When rejecting a request for redress, the carrier informs the consumer on a durable medium, such as email, of the competent alternative dispute resolution bodies under Section 11(2) of Act No. 391/2015 Coll. See the Slovak Trade Inspection's ADR rules. The right to bring court proceedings remains unaffected; Article 31 determines jurisdiction where CMR applies.

For consumer contracts concluded at a distance or off-premises, withdrawal rights are assessed under Act No. 108/2024 Coll. The exception in Section 19(1)(l) concerns carriage of goods at a precisely agreed date or within a precisely agreed period. Where the exception does not apply, the carrier provides the statutory information and model withdrawal form before the contract is concluded. Commencing performance before expiry of the withdrawal period is addressed through separate express consent to the extent required by law.

Under Section 4(7) of Act No. 56/2012 Coll., the Slovak Trade Inspection reviews complaints and claims concerning performance of obligations under the conditions of carriage and their handling by the carrier. Information and contact details: www.soi.sk.

11. Publication and effective date

According to the carrier, the original conditions of carriage were effective from 1 January 2024. This revision was approved on 1 October 2026. The original effective date does not mean that this revised wording was already in force in 2024.

This approved revision is valid and effective from 1 October 2026. The conditions of carriage are published on the carrier’s website and are also made available to customers by other suitable means, in particular by sending them before the contract is concluded.

Contracts already concluded remain subject to the version incorporated at the time of conclusion and applicable law. This revision does not retrospectively change rights or obligations from earlier carriage. Each subsequent revision will carry an effective date and previous versions will be archived.